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- [Narrator] In Singapore,

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ancient rivers have been
transformed,

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ancient rivers have been
transformed,

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and the wild have moved in and
adapted.

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and the wild have moved in and
adapted.

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But not all is calm in the
city's waterways.

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But not all is calm in the
city's waterways.

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When mother nature unleashes her
fury,

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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will these river locals survive?

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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This is the watery "Wild City".

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Water is found on every
continent on the planet.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Covering 70% of the Earth's
surface,

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(dramatic music)

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vital for all life.

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But only 3% of it is fresh water

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But only 3% of it is fresh water

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and countries have gone to
incredible lengths

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and countries have gone to
incredible lengths

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to capture this precious
resource.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Singapore has no natural lakes.

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Instead, millions of liters of
fresh water

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are stored in futuristic
reservoir systems.

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are stored in futuristic
reservoir systems.

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(dramatic music)

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Marina Bay in the heart of the
city is the island's largest.

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Marina Bay in the heart of the
city is the island's largest.

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(dramatic music)

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Built in 2008, it dams five of
Singapore's rivers

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to create a totally unique
freshwater bay,

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to create a totally unique
freshwater bay,

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and a new habitat for some

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of the nation's most beloved
wild locals,

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(dramatic music)

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(water splashing)

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(water splashing)

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the smooth coated otter.

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Once declared extinct in
Singapore,

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this species is now a familiar
site in the city center.

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this species is now a familiar
site in the city center.

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The manmade bay turned out to be
the perfect otter home,

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but they're not the only otter
pack

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who have adapted to Singapore's
urbanized water landscape.

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who have adapted to Singapore's
urbanized water landscape.

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(dramatic music)

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(birds chirping)

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In the botanic gardens, a family
is making history.

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In the botanic gardens, a family
is making history.

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(gentle music)

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The first otters ever to breed

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in this world heritage listed
site.

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At just over four weeks old,

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the babies have begun to emerge
from their fig tree den

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the babies have begun to emerge
from their fig tree den

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to discover their place in the
family.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Boss of the pack is mom.

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She tends to have her hands
full,

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but still keeps an eye on
everyone.

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Then there's dad.

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He prefers to keep his eyes
closed

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and is a little more chill.

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and is a little more chill.

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And three boisterous teenagers.

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Last year's kids almost fully
grown

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Last year's kids almost fully
grown

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but not ready to leave home just
yet.

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Besides, they've got work to do.

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Everyone in an otter family is
expected to help care

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for the newborns

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and they need all the protection
they can get.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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The gardens may seem peaceful,

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The gardens may seem peaceful,

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but that's only on the surface.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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A few meters from the den, a
large lake and a sizable drop.

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A few meters from the den, a
large lake and a sizable drop.

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Otter pups aren't natural born
swimmers.

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Otter pups aren't natural born
swimmers.

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A fall into the water could
prove fatal.

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A fall into the water could
prove fatal.

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To survive, the pups will need
to adapt

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To survive, the pups will need
to adapt

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to their unique surroundings and
learn from their family

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how to navigate the urban world

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they've been born into.

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(dramatic music) (birds
chirping)

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(dramatic music) (birds
chirping)

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Singapore's 17 reservoirs are
strategically built

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across the island.

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This is where the majority

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This is where the majority

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of the country's rainwater is
stored.

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(dramatic music)

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Many have been designed for
recreational use,

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but also act as new habitats for
the wild.

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but also act as new habitats for
the wild.

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In Western Singapore,

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Jurong Lake has recently been
given a makeover:

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90 hectares of wetlands, ponds,
and pathways.

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90 hectares of wetlands, ponds,
and pathways.

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And it's here

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that some of Singapore's largest
river monsters roam.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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The Asian water monitor,

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the second biggest lizard in the
world.

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the second biggest lizard in the
world.

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Capable of growing over three
meters long

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Capable of growing over three
meters long

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and weighing up to 25 grams.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Found throughout Southeast Asia,

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some of these reptiles in
Singapore

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have swapped mangrove swamps for
freshwater lakes.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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(birds chirping)

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(birds chirping)

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They excel at swimming,

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limbs tucked firmly against the
body,

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while a muscular tail propels it
forward.

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while a muscular tail propels it
forward.

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(dramatic music)

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Guided by its excellent senses
of smell and sight,

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Guided by its excellent senses
of smell and sight,

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these hungry carnivores are
always on the lookout

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for their next meal.

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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And this one has spotted a
potential feast.

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And this one has spotted a
potential feast.

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(dramatic music)

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Otters are excellent hunters,

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and these lizards are one of the
smartest reptiles

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in the world.

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in the world.

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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Here in Singapore,

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Here in Singapore,

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they've learnt to stalk and
scavenge leftovers.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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(water splashing)

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(water splashing)

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With the otters back on the
hunt,

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it's time to move in for the
scraps.

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it's time to move in for the
scraps.

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(dramatic music)

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But he's not the only river
monster with the same plan.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Usually solitary, these reptiles
are extremely territorial.

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Usually solitary, these reptiles
are extremely territorial.

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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Intruders are ruthlessly dealt
with.

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But the smell of leftover fish
draws in more contenders.

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But the smell of leftover fish
draws in more contenders.

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(dramatic music)

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(water splashing)

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In a lizard battle size always
wins.

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(dramatic music)

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But this warrior can't relax
just yet.

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But this warrior can't relax
just yet.

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Another challenger makes a move.

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Another challenger makes a move.

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(dramatic music)

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This one is not backing down.

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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(water splashing) (dramatic
music)

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Finally, the intruder gives up.

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Finally, the intruder gives up.

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Combat in deep water can prove
fatal,

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Combat in deep water can prove
fatal,

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better to live to fight another
day.

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(dramatic music)

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The city's new freshwater
habitats

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The city's new freshwater
habitats

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provide just the right
environment for adaptable
creatures

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like the monitor lizard,

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like the monitor lizard,

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but it's not always easy to
survive here.

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Battles can scar for life and he
who rules the river today

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Battles can scar for life and he
who rules the river today

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may be tomorrow's loser.

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(dramatic music)

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Singapore's freshwater habitats
are crucial

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for thousands of local water
birds.

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Approximately 400 species call
this island home.

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Approximately 400 species call
this island home.

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Over the years,

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Over the years,

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many have adapted to a more
urbanized water world.

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The white breasted water hen

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is one of the most commonly seen
often with chicks in tow.

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is one of the most commonly seen
often with chicks in tow.

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(upbeat music)

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But other water dwelling birds
are much rarer.

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The lesser whistling duck.

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There's estimated to be just 50
of them in Singapore.

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There's estimated to be just 50
of them in Singapore.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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But today that number has
increased by six.

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But today that number has
increased by six.

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Hatched just a few days ago,

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these tiny ducklings around the
size of a golf ball

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have already taken to the water.

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A manmade pond has turned out

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to be the perfect duckling
nursery.

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Unlike otter pups, these babies
enter the world

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Unlike otter pups, these babies
enter the world

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with plenty of natural skills.

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They're already walking and
swimming

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while mom and dad carefully keep
guard.

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No one is allowed near their
rare brood.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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And for good reason, the
ducklings can't fly yet

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And for good reason, the
ducklings can't fly yet

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and are totally defenseless
against would-be predators.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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The first few weeks of their
lives are crucial

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and mom and dad will take on
chaperone duties

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and mom and dad will take on
chaperone duties

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to give them the best chance of
survival.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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Morning in Singapore and at the
botanic gardens

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most of the local residents are
busy grabbing breakfast.

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(dramatic music)

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(dramatic music)

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The otter teens soak up time
away

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from their demanding siblings.

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Meanwhile, mum is exhausted.

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Meanwhile, mum is exhausted.

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The growing pups need to be fed
every few hours,

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a job only she can do.

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But this morning there's more
than milk on the menu

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for these babies.

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(dramatic music)

259
00:13:23,009 --> 00:13:24,129
(birds chirping)

260
00:13:25,049 --> 00:13:27,289
Otter swimming school is about
to begin.

261
00:13:30,449 --> 00:13:32,889
The nearby Swan Lake is the
perfect beginner's pool.

262
00:13:36,649 --> 00:13:39,049
Getting all the pups to the edge
is the first step.

263
00:13:39,649 --> 00:13:41,369
It takes some persuading.

264
00:13:41,849 --> 00:13:42,129
(dramatic music)

265
00:13:42,129 --> 00:13:44,129
(dramatic music)

266
00:13:49,449 --> 00:13:51,129
The teens show them how it's
done.

267
00:13:55,049 --> 00:13:58,009
Diving is an urban adaptation
this family have pioneered,

268
00:14:00,769 --> 00:14:03,129
but the pups aren't so keen.

269
00:14:03,609 --> 00:14:04,569
(dramatic music)

270
00:14:05,089 --> 00:14:06,129
Mom coaxes one in.

271
00:14:06,129 --> 00:14:06,689
Mom coaxes one in.

272
00:14:12,169 --> 00:14:13,609
And grabs a few more.

273
00:14:14,129 --> 00:14:16,369
(dramatic music)

274
00:14:18,089 --> 00:14:18,129
But the pups can't swim yet.

275
00:14:18,129 --> 00:14:19,609
But the pups can't swim yet.

276
00:14:22,609 --> 00:14:24,129
Their older siblings act as
lifeguards,

277
00:14:24,129 --> 00:14:24,649
Their older siblings act as
lifeguards,

278
00:14:25,689 --> 00:14:28,129
keeping them afloat while they
get used to the water.

279
00:14:28,649 --> 00:14:30,129
(dramatic music)

280
00:14:30,129 --> 00:14:30,889
(dramatic music)

281
00:14:32,689 --> 00:14:34,729
Now mum begins her swimming
lesson.

282
00:14:37,409 --> 00:14:40,809
Each pup is dragged around and
encouraged to start kicking.

283
00:14:41,329 --> 00:14:42,129
(dramatic music)

284
00:14:42,129 --> 00:14:43,569
(dramatic music)

285
00:14:48,849 --> 00:14:50,449
She's an excellent coach

286
00:14:51,049 --> 00:14:51,929
and under her guidance,

287
00:14:52,849 --> 00:14:54,129
the babies get used to their new
water world.

288
00:14:54,129 --> 00:14:55,129
the babies get used to their new
water world.

289
00:14:55,729 --> 00:14:57,969
(dramatic music)

290
00:15:08,689 --> 00:15:09,489
When a pup gets tired,

291
00:15:10,409 --> 00:15:12,129
it's carried out and swapped for
a fresh one.

292
00:15:12,129 --> 00:15:12,769
it's carried out and swapped for
a fresh one.

293
00:15:15,929 --> 00:15:16,929
(water splashing)

294
00:15:17,409 --> 00:15:18,129
(dramatic music)

295
00:15:18,129 --> 00:15:18,809
(dramatic music)

296
00:15:19,849 --> 00:15:23,849
Everyone gets a turn even if
they're not quite ready.

297
00:15:27,289 --> 00:15:29,769
But all these students are a lot
for this small family

298
00:15:30,249 --> 00:15:30,849
to watch over,

299
00:15:33,729 --> 00:15:36,129
especially when dad has been
distracted by an early lunch.

300
00:15:36,129 --> 00:15:36,449
especially when dad has been
distracted by an early lunch.

301
00:15:36,969 --> 00:15:39,209
(dramatic music)

302
00:15:48,449 --> 00:15:51,969
His fishy meal attracts the
attention of a river monster.

303
00:15:59,969 --> 00:16:00,129
With no leftovers to grab, the
lizard spots a new target.

304
00:16:00,129 --> 00:16:03,609
With no leftovers to grab, the
lizard spots a new target.

305
00:16:04,129 --> 00:16:06,129
(dramatic music)

306
00:16:06,129 --> 00:16:06,369
(dramatic music)

307
00:16:09,809 --> 00:16:12,129
These huge reptiles have been
known to attack otter pups.

308
00:16:12,129 --> 00:16:13,769
These huge reptiles have been
known to attack otter pups.

309
00:16:16,609 --> 00:16:18,129
The family must get all their
babies out of the lake

310
00:16:18,129 --> 00:16:19,289
The family must get all their
babies out of the lake

311
00:16:19,689 --> 00:16:20,249
and fast.

312
00:16:20,769 --> 00:16:23,129
(dramatic music)

313
00:16:29,769 --> 00:16:30,129
Mum is the only one experienced
enough

314
00:16:30,129 --> 00:16:31,329
Mum is the only one experienced
enough

315
00:16:32,129 --> 00:16:33,689
who can jump with a baby on
board.

316
00:16:34,209 --> 00:16:36,129
(dramatic music)

317
00:16:36,129 --> 00:16:36,449
(dramatic music)

318
00:16:39,889 --> 00:16:42,129
She works tirelessly until
there's just one pup left.

319
00:16:42,129 --> 00:16:43,929
She works tirelessly until
there's just one pup left.

320
00:16:44,489 --> 00:16:46,769
(dramatic music)

321
00:16:51,089 --> 00:16:53,049
But something else has caught
the lizard's eye,

322
00:16:56,729 --> 00:16:58,089
a scavenger's jackpot,

323
00:17:01,049 --> 00:17:03,129
just the diversion mom needs.

324
00:17:07,689 --> 00:17:09,809
The lizard can hardly believe
her luck,

325
00:17:11,729 --> 00:17:12,129
but she'll have to be quick.

326
00:17:12,129 --> 00:17:13,049
but she'll have to be quick.

327
00:17:13,849 --> 00:17:15,329
Competition is already on the
way.

328
00:17:15,849 --> 00:17:18,129
(dramatic music)

329
00:17:26,529 --> 00:17:30,129
This huge fish, almost a quarter
her size

330
00:17:30,129 --> 00:17:30,729
This huge fish, almost a quarter
her size

331
00:17:31,449 --> 00:17:33,649
makes for a slow getaway.

332
00:17:34,169 --> 00:17:36,129
(dramatic music)

333
00:17:36,129 --> 00:17:36,409
(dramatic music)

334
00:17:48,369 --> 00:17:50,649
Now to enjoy her prize.

335
00:17:55,289 --> 00:17:56,609
There's not much chewing
involved

336
00:17:57,249 --> 00:17:58,169
at a lizard's dinner table.

337
00:18:00,049 --> 00:18:00,129
Chunks are swallowed whole

338
00:18:00,129 --> 00:18:01,929
Chunks are swallowed whole

339
00:18:02,769 --> 00:18:04,129
and she'll devour the entire
carcass.

340
00:18:08,569 --> 00:18:12,129
Nothing is wasted by this
vulture of the reptile world.

341
00:18:12,129 --> 00:18:12,249
Nothing is wasted by this
vulture of the reptile world.

342
00:18:15,089 --> 00:18:16,889
(dramatic music)

343
00:18:17,369 --> 00:18:18,129
(otters chirping)

344
00:18:18,129 --> 00:18:19,729
(otters chirping)

345
00:18:26,009 --> 00:18:29,129
Safely back at the den, the pups
are busy getting dry.

346
00:18:32,169 --> 00:18:33,609
They'll have to get used to the
lake's big drop,

347
00:18:36,009 --> 00:18:36,129
smooth coated otters must have
access

348
00:18:36,129 --> 00:18:37,849
smooth coated otters must have
access

349
00:18:38,489 --> 00:18:39,729
to fresh water to survive.

350
00:18:42,049 --> 00:18:42,129
The rest of the city's waterways
are already ruled

351
00:18:42,129 --> 00:18:44,289
The rest of the city's waterways
are already ruled

352
00:18:44,849 --> 00:18:45,929
by other otter packs.

353
00:18:47,929 --> 00:18:48,129
So for now, the botanic gardens
is the only place

354
00:18:48,129 --> 00:18:50,809
So for now, the botanic gardens
is the only place

355
00:18:51,449 --> 00:18:53,249
this family can call home.

356
00:18:53,769 --> 00:18:54,129
(dramatic music)

357
00:18:54,129 --> 00:18:56,129
(dramatic music)

358
00:18:59,409 --> 00:19:00,129
Over the last few hundred years,

359
00:19:00,129 --> 00:19:01,089
Over the last few hundred years,

360
00:19:02,129 --> 00:19:04,649
Singapore's water landscape has
drastically changed.

361
00:19:06,929 --> 00:19:08,689
Entirely new ecosystems have
formed

362
00:19:11,729 --> 00:19:12,129
and some strange creatures have
moved in.

363
00:19:12,129 --> 00:19:13,649
and some strange creatures have
moved in.

364
00:19:17,169 --> 00:19:18,129
The red eared slider,

365
00:19:18,129 --> 00:19:18,369
The red eared slider,

366
00:19:20,809 --> 00:19:22,129
hailing from North America,

367
00:19:23,209 --> 00:19:24,129
these large turtles have found
the perfect home

368
00:19:24,129 --> 00:19:25,529
these large turtles have found
the perfect home

369
00:19:26,369 --> 00:19:28,009
in the nation's calm lakes and
rivers.

370
00:19:31,249 --> 00:19:32,569
But it's not just fresh water

371
00:19:33,369 --> 00:19:34,569
that they need in order to
survive.

372
00:19:37,529 --> 00:19:40,129
On the banks of this pond, a
turtle gathering.

373
00:19:42,689 --> 00:19:45,009
Here, there's no social
distancing.

374
00:19:47,569 --> 00:19:48,129
All they care about is getting
the best spot in the sun.

375
00:19:48,129 --> 00:19:50,489
All they care about is getting
the best spot in the sun.

376
00:19:53,609 --> 00:19:54,129
Cold-blooded, they must sunbathe
regularly.

377
00:19:54,129 --> 00:19:55,849
Cold-blooded, they must sunbathe
regularly.

378
00:19:59,449 --> 00:20:00,129
A large shell absorbs heat and
warms the body,

379
00:20:00,129 --> 00:20:02,369
A large shell absorbs heat and
warms the body,

380
00:20:06,449 --> 00:20:07,729
but this process takes time.

381
00:20:10,489 --> 00:20:12,129
It helps to get as much skin out
as possible.

382
00:20:12,129 --> 00:20:12,649
It helps to get as much skin out
as possible.

383
00:20:16,089 --> 00:20:18,129
The Superman pose, a turtle's
way to warm the legs.

384
00:20:18,129 --> 00:20:19,609
The Superman pose, a turtle's
way to warm the legs.

385
00:20:23,289 --> 00:20:24,129
Stacking is another method to
heat yourself up.

386
00:20:24,129 --> 00:20:25,609
Stacking is another method to
heat yourself up.

387
00:20:30,009 --> 00:20:30,129
It's just like sitting on top of
a radiator.

388
00:20:30,129 --> 00:20:32,449
It's just like sitting on top of
a radiator.

389
00:20:36,089 --> 00:20:36,129
Hours each day are dedicated to
sunbathing,

390
00:20:36,129 --> 00:20:38,609
Hours each day are dedicated to
sunbathing,

391
00:20:40,529 --> 00:20:42,089
but while the turtles here have
plenty of space

392
00:20:44,529 --> 00:20:47,209
their cousins on the Singapore
River aren't so lucky.

393
00:20:47,729 --> 00:20:48,129
(dramatic music)

394
00:20:48,129 --> 00:20:50,849
(dramatic music)

395
00:20:51,649 --> 00:20:53,129
The city's most urbanized
waterway

396
00:20:53,969 --> 00:20:54,129
is just over three kilometers
long.

397
00:20:54,129 --> 00:20:55,329
is just over three kilometers
long.

398
00:20:59,489 --> 00:21:00,129
Once heavily polluted, the river
is now clean enough

399
00:21:00,129 --> 00:21:02,489
Once heavily polluted, the river
is now clean enough

400
00:21:03,329 --> 00:21:05,209
for a family of otters to call
it home.

401
00:21:05,689 --> 00:21:06,129
(dramatic music)

402
00:21:06,129 --> 00:21:08,129
(dramatic music)

403
00:21:10,169 --> 00:21:12,129
Here they've adapted,

404
00:21:13,169 --> 00:21:15,129
figuring out unique ways in and
outta the water.

405
00:21:21,249 --> 00:21:24,129
For their turtle neighbors,
however, it hasn't been so easy.

406
00:21:24,129 --> 00:21:24,169
For their turtle neighbors,
however, it hasn't been so easy.

407
00:21:28,889 --> 00:21:30,129
Hemmed in by vertical walls, the
only dry land in sight,

408
00:21:30,129 --> 00:21:32,129
Hemmed in by vertical walls, the
only dry land in sight,

409
00:21:34,209 --> 00:21:34,889
a rubbish catcher.

410
00:21:37,049 --> 00:21:38,969
Not the most luxurious place to
sunbathe,

411
00:21:40,969 --> 00:21:42,129
but cold turtle beggars can't be
choosers.

412
00:21:42,129 --> 00:21:43,609
but cold turtle beggars can't be
choosers.

413
00:21:47,529 --> 00:21:48,129
Long claws and a desperation to
get warm

414
00:21:48,129 --> 00:21:50,609
Long claws and a desperation to
get warm

415
00:21:51,129 --> 00:21:52,289
inspire a climb.

416
00:21:55,129 --> 00:21:56,889
Not everyone makes it on the
first attempt.

417
00:22:00,889 --> 00:22:02,129
If at first you don't succeed,

418
00:22:05,329 --> 00:22:06,129
try (dramatic music)

419
00:22:06,129 --> 00:22:07,969
try (dramatic music)

420
00:22:10,209 --> 00:22:10,929
and try again.

421
00:22:18,609 --> 00:22:20,809
Persistence eventually pays off.

422
00:22:23,649 --> 00:22:24,129
Finally, time to get warm.

423
00:22:24,129 --> 00:22:26,089
Finally, time to get warm.

424
00:22:29,449 --> 00:22:30,129
With such limited space, it's
every turtle for itself.

425
00:22:30,129 --> 00:22:32,489
With such limited space, it's
every turtle for itself.

426
00:22:34,929 --> 00:22:36,129
Some will do whatever it takes
to make more room.

427
00:22:36,129 --> 00:22:37,329
Some will do whatever it takes
to make more room.

428
00:22:40,849 --> 00:22:42,129
Others just get a bit
frustrated.

429
00:22:42,129 --> 00:22:43,009
Others just get a bit
frustrated.

430
00:22:43,529 --> 00:22:46,129
(dramatic music)

431
00:22:46,849 --> 00:22:48,129
These pioneering urbanites

432
00:22:48,129 --> 00:22:48,249
These pioneering urbanites

433
00:22:49,209 --> 00:22:51,089
are considered an invasive
species in Singapore,

434
00:22:53,849 --> 00:22:54,129
unwanted pets released into the
waterways.

435
00:22:54,129 --> 00:22:56,129
unwanted pets released into the
waterways.

436
00:22:59,049 --> 00:23:00,129
Little is known of their impact
on the native wildlife,

437
00:23:00,129 --> 00:23:00,809
Little is known of their impact
on the native wildlife,

438
00:23:03,769 --> 00:23:06,129
but for now, they remain part of
the city's watery world.

439
00:23:06,129 --> 00:23:07,329
but for now, they remain part of
the city's watery world.

440
00:23:09,609 --> 00:23:12,089
(dramatic music)

441
00:23:14,689 --> 00:23:15,649
On the other side of the island,

442
00:23:17,369 --> 00:23:18,129
one of Singapore's most common
locals,

443
00:23:18,129 --> 00:23:19,129
one of Singapore's most common
locals,

444
00:23:21,049 --> 00:23:22,369
the long tailed macaque.

445
00:23:24,969 --> 00:23:26,769
Usually spotted in the forests,

446
00:23:27,809 --> 00:23:30,129
this troop have adapted to a
life on the water's edge.

447
00:23:30,129 --> 00:23:30,489
this troop have adapted to a
life on the water's edge.

448
00:23:33,489 --> 00:23:36,129
Here, concrete dams millions of
liters of fresh water

449
00:23:37,569 --> 00:23:39,409
to form MacRitchie Reservoir.

450
00:23:44,489 --> 00:23:48,129
Constructed over 150 years ago
and surrounded by rainforest,

451
00:23:48,129 --> 00:23:48,449
Constructed over 150 years ago
and surrounded by rainforest,

452
00:23:49,969 --> 00:23:52,609
this is Singapore's oldest water
catchment area.

453
00:23:53,129 --> 00:23:54,129
(dramatic music)

454
00:23:54,129 --> 00:23:55,369
(dramatic music)

455
00:23:58,769 --> 00:24:00,129
A place to retreat to and soak
up the green.

456
00:24:00,129 --> 00:24:01,769
A place to retreat to and soak
up the green.

457
00:24:02,249 --> 00:24:04,529
(dramatic music)

458
00:24:10,609 --> 00:24:11,689
Along the banks,

459
00:24:12,769 --> 00:24:15,249
a recent downpour has encouraged
new grassroots to sprout.

460
00:24:19,689 --> 00:24:21,689
A chance for the monkeys to add
some fiber

461
00:24:22,329 --> 00:24:24,049
to their regular fruity diet.

462
00:24:24,529 --> 00:24:26,809
(dramatic music)

463
00:24:29,009 --> 00:24:30,129
A peaceful family picnic.

464
00:24:30,129 --> 00:24:30,289
A peaceful family picnic.

465
00:24:34,289 --> 00:24:35,849
These monkeys live in tight knit
groups.

466
00:24:37,369 --> 00:24:38,529
Everyone knows their place.

467
00:24:39,049 --> 00:24:41,289
(dramatic music)

468
00:24:42,929 --> 00:24:44,249
The alpha male is in charge

469
00:24:45,249 --> 00:24:47,129
and reigns over his harem of
females and offspring.

470
00:24:50,169 --> 00:24:51,649
Babies are easy to handle.

471
00:24:53,209 --> 00:24:54,129
The mums do all the work
anyways.

472
00:24:54,129 --> 00:24:54,409
The mums do all the work
anyways.

473
00:24:58,169 --> 00:25:00,129
It's the teenagers that can get
up to mischief.

474
00:25:00,129 --> 00:25:00,409
It's the teenagers that can get
up to mischief.

475
00:25:05,329 --> 00:25:06,129
At the troops' regular drinking
hole,

476
00:25:06,129 --> 00:25:06,689
At the troops' regular drinking
hole,

477
00:25:08,809 --> 00:25:11,129
a visitor is causing a few
problems.

478
00:25:14,809 --> 00:25:18,129
Everyone is thirsty, but the
teenagers are a little scared.

479
00:25:18,129 --> 00:25:18,769
Everyone is thirsty, but the
teenagers are a little scared.

480
00:25:22,009 --> 00:25:24,129
A turtle about half their size
has moved in.

481
00:25:24,649 --> 00:25:26,889
(dramatic music)

482
00:25:32,129 --> 00:25:34,529
The alpha male will have to show
them how it's done.

483
00:25:35,049 --> 00:25:36,129
(dramatic music)

484
00:25:36,129 --> 00:25:37,289
(dramatic music)

485
00:25:52,649 --> 00:25:54,129
Inspired by dad's example,

486
00:25:54,129 --> 00:25:54,249
Inspired by dad's example,

487
00:25:55,249 --> 00:25:57,249
the youngsters are finally brave
enough to head in

488
00:25:57,929 --> 00:26:00,129
for a drink and a little fun.

489
00:26:00,129 --> 00:26:02,209
for a drink and a little fun.

490
00:26:02,689 --> 00:26:04,929
(upbeat music)

491
00:26:11,729 --> 00:26:12,129
Macaques are excellent swimmers,

492
00:26:12,129 --> 00:26:13,289
Macaques are excellent swimmers,

493
00:26:14,969 --> 00:26:16,249
but they're very safety
conscious.

494
00:26:20,129 --> 00:26:22,289
If there's something in the
water they're not sure about,

495
00:26:23,169 --> 00:26:24,129
they won't risk getting their
toes nipped

496
00:26:24,129 --> 00:26:24,489
they won't risk getting their
toes nipped

497
00:26:28,089 --> 00:26:30,129
and the teenagers have just
spotted another turtle.

498
00:26:30,129 --> 00:26:31,049
and the teenagers have just
spotted another turtle.

499
00:26:32,769 --> 00:26:34,289
This one's even bigger.

500
00:26:34,769 --> 00:26:36,129
(upbeat music)

501
00:26:36,129 --> 00:26:37,049
(upbeat music)

502
00:26:37,729 --> 00:26:38,969
Swimming will just have to wait

503
00:26:39,809 --> 00:26:42,129
until the watery visitors have
moved on.

504
00:26:42,769 --> 00:26:45,009
(dramatic music)

505
00:26:56,849 --> 00:26:58,609
Over the last few hundred years,

506
00:26:59,609 --> 00:27:00,129
Singapore's waterways have been
highly modified.

507
00:27:00,129 --> 00:27:02,129
Singapore's waterways have been
highly modified.

508
00:27:04,969 --> 00:27:06,129
8,000 kilometers of drains and
canals have been built,

509
00:27:06,129 --> 00:27:07,569
8,000 kilometers of drains and
canals have been built,

510
00:27:10,769 --> 00:27:12,129
just about every river and
stream

511
00:27:12,129 --> 00:27:12,929
just about every river and
stream

512
00:27:13,569 --> 00:27:15,329
redesigned and redirected.

513
00:27:17,929 --> 00:27:18,129
But 200 years ago,

514
00:27:18,129 --> 00:27:19,129
But 200 years ago,

515
00:27:20,129 --> 00:27:22,129
the island's water landscape
looked very different.

516
00:27:25,449 --> 00:27:27,609
Rivers snaked their way through
dense mangrove

517
00:27:28,089 --> 00:27:28,689
and out to sea,

518
00:27:30,889 --> 00:27:33,409
a timeless place between land
and ocean

519
00:27:34,089 --> 00:27:35,809
where fresh and salt water met.

520
00:27:36,289 --> 00:27:38,569
(dramatic music)

521
00:27:41,209 --> 00:27:42,129
Small pockets of these mangroves
still survive today,

522
00:27:42,129 --> 00:27:44,009
Small pockets of these mangroves
still survive today,

523
00:27:46,969 --> 00:27:48,129
and here the wild live as they
always have,

524
00:27:48,129 --> 00:27:49,609
and here the wild live as they
always have,

525
00:27:54,289 --> 00:27:56,009
including a unique creature:

526
00:27:58,209 --> 00:27:59,369
the tree climbing crab.

527
00:28:04,049 --> 00:28:05,609
At least three species call
Singapore home,

528
00:28:07,929 --> 00:28:09,689
all live by the tides.

529
00:28:11,849 --> 00:28:12,129
When the water is low, it's
feeding time.

530
00:28:12,129 --> 00:28:14,089
When the water is low, it's
feeding time.

531
00:28:15,809 --> 00:28:17,929
Crabs are surprisingly dextrous.

532
00:28:19,529 --> 00:28:21,449
They're claws, an ultimate
multi-tool.

533
00:28:23,809 --> 00:28:24,129
But this is lunch on the clock.

534
00:28:24,129 --> 00:28:25,209
But this is lunch on the clock.

535
00:28:27,289 --> 00:28:29,969
When the tide comes in, the
crabs must climb.

536
00:28:30,489 --> 00:28:32,729
(dramatic music)

537
00:28:35,969 --> 00:28:36,129
Now the claws are used like
pickaxes,

538
00:28:36,129 --> 00:28:39,049
Now the claws are used like
pickaxes,

539
00:28:41,529 --> 00:28:42,129
designed to grip onto even the
most slippery tree trunk.

540
00:28:42,129 --> 00:28:43,529
designed to grip onto even the
most slippery tree trunk.

541
00:28:49,009 --> 00:28:51,409
Up here, it can get a little
crowded.

542
00:28:52,969 --> 00:28:54,129
Everyone has the same plan;

543
00:28:54,129 --> 00:28:54,609
Everyone has the same plan;

544
00:28:55,489 --> 00:28:58,129
get up high and escape aquatic
predators.

545
00:29:01,889 --> 00:29:03,449
The water can rise to over three
meters,

546
00:29:05,369 --> 00:29:06,129
quite a height for a teacup
sized crab to climb.

547
00:29:06,129 --> 00:29:07,809
quite a height for a teacup
sized crab to climb.

548
00:29:12,809 --> 00:29:14,129
Now safely away from danger,

549
00:29:16,369 --> 00:29:18,129
they await the next tidal shift.

550
00:29:18,729 --> 00:29:20,969
(dramatic music)

551
00:29:24,849 --> 00:29:27,129
These surviving mangrove forests
in Singapore

552
00:29:28,049 --> 00:29:29,889
are a vital habitat for hundreds
of species

553
00:29:30,489 --> 00:29:31,809
of animals and plants.

554
00:29:35,209 --> 00:29:36,129
A crucial part of the nation's
water story

555
00:29:36,129 --> 00:29:37,049
A crucial part of the nation's
water story

556
00:29:39,569 --> 00:29:41,969
and a reminder of how the
island's water landscape

557
00:29:42,409 --> 00:29:43,169
once looked.

558
00:29:43,649 --> 00:29:46,089
(dramatic music)

559
00:29:55,329 --> 00:29:56,369
In the botanic gardens,

560
00:29:57,289 --> 00:29:59,449
the young otter family have just
moved house;

561
00:30:02,689 --> 00:30:05,969
a more urban den, complete with
a fancy front lawn,

562
00:30:07,929 --> 00:30:09,729
perfect for a bit of pampering
time.

563
00:30:10,249 --> 00:30:12,129
(dramatic music)

564
00:30:12,129 --> 00:30:13,009
(dramatic music)

565
00:30:14,009 --> 00:30:16,369
Smooth coated otters have two
layers of thick hair

566
00:30:17,249 --> 00:30:18,129
that need to be kept in tiptop
condition,

567
00:30:18,129 --> 00:30:18,729
that need to be kept in tiptop
condition,

568
00:30:21,449 --> 00:30:23,689
especially the outer waterproof
fur.

569
00:30:24,169 --> 00:30:26,569
(dramatic music)

570
00:30:27,569 --> 00:30:29,249
But it can be hard to reach
every part of the body.

571
00:30:32,049 --> 00:30:34,289
Grooming each other is a way to
bond,

572
00:30:34,769 --> 00:30:36,129
(dramatic music)

573
00:30:36,129 --> 00:30:37,249
(dramatic music)

574
00:30:38,289 --> 00:30:41,889
and the pups now eight weeks old
are keen to join in,

575
00:30:44,849 --> 00:30:46,089
but they're also easily
distracted

576
00:30:47,929 --> 00:30:48,129
and dying to explore their
garden home.

577
00:30:48,129 --> 00:30:49,689
and dying to explore their
garden home.

578
00:30:50,209 --> 00:30:52,449
(dramatic music)

579
00:31:00,649 --> 00:31:02,609
Mum leads the family across the
gardens

580
00:31:07,209 --> 00:31:09,969
and over to a small pond, the
perfect place for toddlers.

581
00:31:10,489 --> 00:31:12,129
(dramatic music)

582
00:31:12,129 --> 00:31:12,729
(dramatic music)

583
00:31:14,489 --> 00:31:15,609
Over the last few weeks,

584
00:31:16,529 --> 00:31:18,129
the pups have mastered the art
of swimming.

585
00:31:18,129 --> 00:31:18,169
the pups have mastered the art
of swimming.

586
00:31:20,889 --> 00:31:22,849
Today, it's time for their next
lesson.

587
00:31:26,329 --> 00:31:29,049
Packed with tiny fish, the
shallow water

588
00:31:29,729 --> 00:31:30,129
is ideal for beginner hunters.

589
00:31:30,129 --> 00:31:31,249
is ideal for beginner hunters.

590
00:31:34,929 --> 00:31:36,129
Working in unison, the adults
show off their skills.

591
00:31:36,129 --> 00:31:37,689
Working in unison, the adults
show off their skills.

592
00:31:42,169 --> 00:31:44,129
Teamwork is the best way to make
a catch.

593
00:31:47,569 --> 00:31:48,129
The fish here are just the right
size for a little pup,

594
00:31:48,129 --> 00:31:50,289
The fish here are just the right
size for a little pup,

595
00:31:50,769 --> 00:31:53,409
(dramatic music)

596
00:31:54,489 --> 00:31:57,449
but they're too small to stand
up and eat like the adults.

597
00:31:57,969 --> 00:32:00,129
(dramatic music)

598
00:32:00,129 --> 00:32:00,169
(dramatic music)

599
00:32:07,609 --> 00:32:09,849
Mum must once again get them
out,

600
00:32:12,649 --> 00:32:13,649
one at a time.

601
00:32:14,169 --> 00:32:16,369
(dramatic music)

602
00:32:23,169 --> 00:32:24,129
Finally, the youngsters get a
taste

603
00:32:24,129 --> 00:32:24,929
Finally, the youngsters get a
taste

604
00:32:25,569 --> 00:32:26,529
of the morning's hard work.

605
00:32:29,809 --> 00:32:30,129
The otters only catch tiny fish
like this now

606
00:32:30,129 --> 00:32:31,729
The otters only catch tiny fish
like this now

607
00:32:32,409 --> 00:32:33,689
so the pups can learn to eat

608
00:32:34,489 --> 00:32:35,849
and practice using their front
paws.

609
00:32:39,409 --> 00:32:42,009
In just a few months, they'll
move on to much bigger fry.

610
00:32:44,689 --> 00:32:45,889
But in the meantime,

611
00:32:46,769 --> 00:32:48,129
this is quite the mouthful for a
beginner.

612
00:32:48,129 --> 00:32:48,409
this is quite the mouthful for a
beginner.

613
00:32:50,009 --> 00:32:52,289
(dramatic music)

614
00:32:59,489 --> 00:33:00,129
As the sun sets across
Singapore,

615
00:33:00,129 --> 00:33:01,129
As the sun sets across
Singapore,

616
00:33:02,769 --> 00:33:04,369
the city is transformed.

617
00:33:11,609 --> 00:33:12,129
Most of the waterways creatures
get some rest.

618
00:33:12,129 --> 00:33:13,729
Most of the waterways creatures
get some rest.

619
00:33:18,009 --> 00:33:18,129
A comfy ledge under a city
bridge is this family's bedroom.

620
00:33:18,129 --> 00:33:21,209
A comfy ledge under a city
bridge is this family's bedroom.

621
00:33:24,689 --> 00:33:26,689
Others prefer to stay close to
the water,

622
00:33:29,809 --> 00:33:30,129
whilst above them river monsters
stretch out and blend in.

623
00:33:30,129 --> 00:33:33,729
whilst above them river monsters
stretch out and blend in.

624
00:33:37,049 --> 00:33:38,369
But not everyone is asleep in
the city.

625
00:33:40,889 --> 00:33:42,129
One creature is just waking up.

626
00:33:42,129 --> 00:33:43,049
One creature is just waking up.

627
00:33:45,129 --> 00:33:48,049
(dramatic music)

628
00:33:48,609 --> 00:33:50,009
The golden apple snail.

629
00:33:52,289 --> 00:33:53,409
Around the size of a golf ball,

630
00:33:54,329 --> 00:33:56,609
these mollusks live in calm
freshwater ponds.

631
00:33:58,609 --> 00:34:00,129
Specialized gills mean they can
breathe underwater.

632
00:34:00,129 --> 00:34:01,169
Specialized gills mean they can
breathe underwater.

633
00:34:04,089 --> 00:34:06,129
(dramatic music)

634
00:34:06,129 --> 00:34:06,569
(dramatic music)

635
00:34:07,529 --> 00:34:10,809
After a day of resting, the
snails are ravenous.

636
00:34:13,209 --> 00:34:15,769
Long tentacles compensate for
their terrible eyesight.

637
00:34:18,729 --> 00:34:21,689
They feel their way around the
pond searching for food,

638
00:34:25,289 --> 00:34:29,329
mostly vegetarian, a plant like
this is irresistible.

639
00:34:30,489 --> 00:34:32,769
(dramatic music)

640
00:34:35,609 --> 00:34:36,129
A special jaw and a row of
renewable teeth makes short work

641
00:34:36,129 --> 00:34:39,009
A special jaw and a row of
renewable teeth makes short work

642
00:34:39,609 --> 00:34:40,649
of this underwater salad.

643
00:34:45,449 --> 00:34:47,329
The night is spent happily
grazing,

644
00:34:47,849 --> 00:34:48,129
(dramatic music)

645
00:34:48,129 --> 00:34:50,129
(dramatic music)

646
00:34:54,129 --> 00:34:55,569
except for the females.

647
00:34:56,929 --> 00:34:58,529
They have another job.

648
00:34:59,009 --> 00:35:00,129
(dramatic music)

649
00:35:00,129 --> 00:35:01,289
(dramatic music)

650
00:35:04,169 --> 00:35:05,449
Just above the water,

651
00:35:06,329 --> 00:35:09,009
this one is busy creating a
masterpiece.

652
00:35:13,449 --> 00:35:15,809
Her contorted body forms a slimy
conveyor belt

653
00:35:17,569 --> 00:35:18,129
as she deposits hundreds of rice
green sized eggs,

654
00:35:18,129 --> 00:35:20,049
as she deposits hundreds of rice
green sized eggs,

655
00:35:23,929 --> 00:35:24,129
each one carefully aimed slides
into place.

656
00:35:24,129 --> 00:35:27,529
each one carefully aimed slides
into place.

657
00:35:30,529 --> 00:35:33,409
It takes hours to build this
teaspoon sized mound.

658
00:35:37,209 --> 00:35:39,729
In the darkness, she's safe
against daytime predators,

659
00:35:42,449 --> 00:35:43,489
but before the night ends,

660
00:35:44,329 --> 00:35:46,769
she must return to her watery
world.

661
00:35:47,289 --> 00:35:48,129
(dramatic music)

662
00:35:48,129 --> 00:35:49,489
(dramatic music)

663
00:35:52,609 --> 00:35:54,129
(water splashing)

664
00:35:54,129 --> 00:35:55,129
(water splashing)

665
00:35:59,729 --> 00:36:00,129
In the light of day,

666
00:36:00,129 --> 00:36:00,809
In the light of day,

667
00:36:01,689 --> 00:36:03,089
all that remains of the snail's
existence

668
00:36:04,569 --> 00:36:05,689
are splurges of pink.

669
00:36:07,849 --> 00:36:09,609
The eggs will hatch in 14 days

670
00:36:10,529 --> 00:36:12,129
and join their parents in the
water below.

671
00:36:12,129 --> 00:36:12,369
and join their parents in the
water below.

672
00:36:12,889 --> 00:36:15,129
(dramatic music)

673
00:36:16,769 --> 00:36:18,129
Originally from South America,

674
00:36:18,129 --> 00:36:18,329
Originally from South America,

675
00:36:19,289 --> 00:36:21,649
thousands of these snails now
live in Singapore

676
00:36:22,689 --> 00:36:24,129
in just about every freshwater
habitat in the country.

677
00:36:24,129 --> 00:36:25,529
in just about every freshwater
habitat in the country.

678
00:36:26,049 --> 00:36:28,289
(dramatic music)

679
00:36:33,889 --> 00:36:36,129
(water splashing)

680
00:36:36,129 --> 00:36:36,289
(water splashing)

681
00:36:37,809 --> 00:36:39,129
On the pond in the city,

682
00:36:40,049 --> 00:36:41,849
the ducklings are now just over
a week old.

683
00:36:44,929 --> 00:36:46,569
So far, they've all survived,

684
00:36:49,969 --> 00:36:51,729
but one of the biggest
challenges for a duckling

685
00:36:52,609 --> 00:36:54,129
is keeping their soft downy
feathers dry.

686
00:36:54,129 --> 00:36:54,609
is keeping their soft downy
feathers dry.

687
00:36:55,129 --> 00:36:57,369
(dramatic music)

688
00:36:59,809 --> 00:37:00,129
Unlike the adults,

689
00:37:00,129 --> 00:37:00,969
Unlike the adults,

690
00:37:01,889 --> 00:37:03,129
their feathers aren't fully
waterproof yet

691
00:37:04,729 --> 00:37:06,129
and can't get too waterlogged.

692
00:37:06,689 --> 00:37:09,609
(dramatic music)

693
00:37:10,489 --> 00:37:12,129
Mom and dad have been dedicated
parents.

694
00:37:12,129 --> 00:37:13,049
Mom and dad have been dedicated
parents.

695
00:37:13,569 --> 00:37:15,809
(dramatic music)

696
00:37:22,569 --> 00:37:24,129
But there's nothing they can do
about the weather.

697
00:37:24,129 --> 00:37:24,649
But there's nothing they can do
about the weather.

698
00:37:25,169 --> 00:37:27,169
(dramatic music)

699
00:37:27,849 --> 00:37:29,129
If the ducklings get drenched,

700
00:37:30,089 --> 00:37:30,129
their body temperature will drop
quickly

701
00:37:30,129 --> 00:37:31,569
their body temperature will drop
quickly

702
00:37:32,369 --> 00:37:34,129
and hypothermia can lead to
death.

703
00:37:37,449 --> 00:37:40,129
The race is on for the family to
seek refuge.

704
00:37:40,649 --> 00:37:42,129
(dramatic music)

705
00:37:42,129 --> 00:37:42,889
(dramatic music)

706
00:37:57,889 --> 00:38:00,129
In tropical Singapore, it
usually rains every few days.

707
00:38:00,129 --> 00:38:01,129
In tropical Singapore, it
usually rains every few days.

708
00:38:01,649 --> 00:38:03,929
(dramatic music)

709
00:38:10,009 --> 00:38:12,129
800 million liters of water

710
00:38:12,969 --> 00:38:14,729
can pour down in just a few
hours,

711
00:38:17,449 --> 00:38:18,129
enough to fill over 300 Olympic
sized swimming pools.

712
00:38:18,129 --> 00:38:20,489
enough to fill over 300 Olympic
sized swimming pools.

713
00:38:23,329 --> 00:38:24,129
Just about every part of the
city has been designed

714
00:38:24,129 --> 00:38:26,169
Just about every part of the
city has been designed

715
00:38:26,929 --> 00:38:28,369
to capture this precious
resource.

716
00:38:28,849 --> 00:38:30,129
(dramatic music)

717
00:38:30,129 --> 00:38:30,409
(dramatic music)

718
00:38:31,529 --> 00:38:35,249
Smaller concrete drains channel
the water into larger canals

719
00:38:35,889 --> 00:38:36,129
and onward to the reservoirs.

720
00:38:36,129 --> 00:38:37,649
and onward to the reservoirs.

721
00:38:38,129 --> 00:38:40,409
(dramatic music)

722
00:38:42,649 --> 00:38:45,129
(otters chirping)

723
00:38:47,129 --> 00:38:48,129
For some, this deluge has little
impact on their lives,

724
00:38:48,129 --> 00:38:49,889
For some, this deluge has little
impact on their lives,

725
00:38:53,449 --> 00:38:54,129
but others must take shelter.

726
00:38:54,129 --> 00:38:55,409
but others must take shelter.

727
00:38:58,169 --> 00:39:00,129
Rain vital for life here can
turn threatening

728
00:39:00,129 --> 00:39:01,809
Rain vital for life here can
turn threatening

729
00:39:02,289 --> 00:39:03,009
in an instant.

730
00:39:03,529 --> 00:39:05,769
(dramatic music)

731
00:39:10,049 --> 00:39:11,489
The duck family scrambled to
find cover,

732
00:39:13,529 --> 00:39:15,489
but in the chaos, two of the
babies go missing.

733
00:39:20,289 --> 00:39:22,449
Ducklings feathers aren't fully
waterproof.

734
00:39:23,529 --> 00:39:24,129
If they get drenched, they could
perish from hypothermia.

735
00:39:24,129 --> 00:39:26,289
If they get drenched, they could
perish from hypothermia.

736
00:39:26,809 --> 00:39:29,129
(dramatic music)

737
00:39:33,769 --> 00:39:34,689
But with no shelter in sight,

738
00:39:38,089 --> 00:39:41,129
all mum can do is use her own
body as a shield

739
00:39:42,089 --> 00:39:42,129
to try and protect the remaining
four ducklings.

740
00:39:42,129 --> 00:39:44,129
to try and protect the remaining
four ducklings.

741
00:39:44,729 --> 00:39:46,129
(rain tinkling)

742
00:39:46,729 --> 00:39:48,129
(dramatic music)

743
00:39:48,129 --> 00:39:48,969
(dramatic music)

744
00:40:18,089 --> 00:40:18,129
After the storm, the pond
quickly heats up again

745
00:40:18,129 --> 00:40:22,049
After the storm, the pond
quickly heats up again

746
00:40:22,849 --> 00:40:24,129
and life returns to normal for
some.

747
00:40:24,129 --> 00:40:26,729
and life returns to normal for
some.

748
00:40:32,129 --> 00:40:34,929
Unfortunately, not everyone
survived the ordeal.

749
00:40:35,409 --> 00:40:36,129
(dramatic music)

750
00:40:36,129 --> 00:40:37,649
(dramatic music)

751
00:40:39,529 --> 00:40:42,129
But thanks to mum, the rest of
the brood are alive

752
00:40:42,129 --> 00:40:43,009
But thanks to mum, the rest of
the brood are alive

753
00:40:43,889 --> 00:40:45,529
and will hopefully continue to
grow bigger

754
00:40:46,129 --> 00:40:47,649
and stronger every day.

755
00:40:48,169 --> 00:40:50,129
(dramatic music)

756
00:40:51,169 --> 00:40:53,769
This urban pond is a surprising
habitat choice

757
00:40:54,569 --> 00:40:55,849
for the shy, lesser whistling
duck.

758
00:40:59,049 --> 00:41:00,129
But by creating the right
freshwater environment,

759
00:41:00,129 --> 00:41:01,129
But by creating the right
freshwater environment,

760
00:41:02,089 --> 00:41:05,129
the city has proven it can
attract rare species

761
00:41:05,689 --> 00:41:06,129
such as these.

762
00:41:06,649 --> 00:41:09,049
(dramatic music)

763
00:41:15,049 --> 00:41:16,609
Singapore's 31 rivers

764
00:41:17,489 --> 00:41:18,129
were once the main source of
fresh water.

765
00:41:18,129 --> 00:41:18,769
were once the main source of
fresh water.

766
00:41:22,089 --> 00:41:23,609
Now, almost every single one of
them

767
00:41:24,209 --> 00:41:25,329
has been highly modified.

768
00:41:25,849 --> 00:41:28,129
(dramatic music)

769
00:41:29,049 --> 00:41:30,129
Kallang River the longest flows
10 kilometers

770
00:41:30,129 --> 00:41:32,129
Kallang River the longest flows
10 kilometers

771
00:41:33,209 --> 00:41:35,529
from the heart of the country
into Marina Bay.

772
00:41:37,569 --> 00:41:39,129
Many of the city's canals have
been designed

773
00:41:40,089 --> 00:41:42,089
to channel precious fresh water
into this river

774
00:41:43,849 --> 00:41:45,809
as it winds its way through an
urban jungle

775
00:41:46,369 --> 00:41:47,209
and a concrete world.

776
00:41:49,849 --> 00:41:52,209
But recently, the upper part of
the Kallang River

777
00:41:52,769 --> 00:41:53,769
has been rejuvenated.

778
00:41:54,289 --> 00:41:55,809
(dramatic music)

779
00:41:56,889 --> 00:42:00,129
Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park is now 62
hectares of lush green

780
00:42:00,129 --> 00:42:00,849
Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park is now 62
hectares of lush green

781
00:42:03,809 --> 00:42:06,129
and three kilometers of
meandering fresh water.

782
00:42:06,129 --> 00:42:06,529
and three kilometers of
meandering fresh water.

783
00:42:07,049 --> 00:42:09,289
(dramatic music)

784
00:42:11,609 --> 00:42:12,129
Rare migrant birds, such as the
Asian openbill stork

785
00:42:12,129 --> 00:42:14,689
Rare migrant birds, such as the
Asian openbill stork

786
00:42:15,449 --> 00:42:16,609
have begun to make stopovers
here.

787
00:42:20,009 --> 00:42:22,169
On the ground, a huge diversity
of plants

788
00:42:22,729 --> 00:42:23,889
fringe the waterways,

789
00:42:26,529 --> 00:42:28,129
and the river is teeming with
fish

790
00:42:28,729 --> 00:42:30,129
(dramatic music)

791
00:42:30,129 --> 00:42:31,249
(dramatic music)

792
00:42:32,169 --> 00:42:34,449
perfect for a large pack of
wildly hunters.

793
00:42:34,969 --> 00:42:36,129
(dramatic music)

794
00:42:36,129 --> 00:42:37,209
(dramatic music)

795
00:42:41,969 --> 00:42:42,129
This family moved into the park
a few years ago

796
00:42:42,129 --> 00:42:43,649
This family moved into the park
a few years ago

797
00:42:45,049 --> 00:42:46,289
and in the narrow river

798
00:42:47,129 --> 00:42:48,129
they've refined their hunting
tactics.

799
00:42:48,129 --> 00:42:48,609
they've refined their hunting
tactics.

800
00:42:50,089 --> 00:42:52,489
(water splashing)

801
00:42:55,009 --> 00:42:57,889
Working as a team, they corral
the fish into the shallows,

802
00:43:01,849 --> 00:43:03,409
a show stopping performance.

803
00:43:03,889 --> 00:43:06,129
(dramatic music)

804
00:43:06,129 --> 00:43:06,169
(dramatic music)

805
00:43:09,569 --> 00:43:11,969
These otters have a large fan
club here

806
00:43:12,969 --> 00:43:14,809
in one of the most successfully
rejuvenated rivers

807
00:43:15,289 --> 00:43:15,689
in the country.

808
00:43:19,369 --> 00:43:21,289
But it's not just the otters who
have found a home here,

809
00:43:24,889 --> 00:43:27,129
other water loving wildlife have
also moved in,

810
00:43:29,689 --> 00:43:30,129
some so small that they go
completely unnoticed.

811
00:43:30,129 --> 00:43:33,089
some so small that they go
completely unnoticed.

812
00:43:35,409 --> 00:43:36,129
120 species of dragonflies and
damsel flies

813
00:43:36,129 --> 00:43:39,329
120 species of dragonflies and
damsel flies

814
00:43:40,289 --> 00:43:42,129
can be found flitting around the
calm waterways.

815
00:43:46,289 --> 00:43:48,129
And below them, one of the most
evolved creatures

816
00:43:48,129 --> 00:43:48,369
And below them, one of the most
evolved creatures

817
00:43:49,049 --> 00:43:52,929
in the world, the pond skater.

818
00:43:56,049 --> 00:43:58,969
This tiny insect around the size
of a fingernail

819
00:43:59,569 --> 00:44:00,129
literally walks on water.

820
00:44:00,129 --> 00:44:01,529
literally walks on water.

821
00:44:05,209 --> 00:44:06,129
The entire body is covered with
thousands of minuscule hairs

822
00:44:06,129 --> 00:44:08,809
The entire body is covered with
thousands of minuscule hairs

823
00:44:09,449 --> 00:44:11,129
that trap air to repel water.

824
00:44:14,929 --> 00:44:17,249
It can cover almost two meters
in a second

825
00:44:18,089 --> 00:44:18,129
and is always on the lookout for
a meal.

826
00:44:18,129 --> 00:44:19,489
and is always on the lookout for
a meal.

827
00:44:24,209 --> 00:44:26,009
Anything that falls into their
realm

828
00:44:26,489 --> 00:44:27,129
is hunted down:

829
00:44:28,809 --> 00:44:30,129
a dragonfly, excellent eating.

830
00:44:30,129 --> 00:44:31,329
a dragonfly, excellent eating.

831
00:44:34,889 --> 00:44:36,129
These insects are just one of
many small creatures

832
00:44:36,129 --> 00:44:37,289
These insects are just one of
many small creatures

833
00:44:38,329 --> 00:44:40,449
that make a home in Singapore's
freshwater habitats.

834
00:44:44,009 --> 00:44:47,769
Tiny but no less important for
this ecosystem.

835
00:44:48,289 --> 00:44:50,529
(dramatic music)

836
00:44:59,289 --> 00:45:00,129
A few months have passed and in
the botanic gardens

837
00:45:00,129 --> 00:45:02,369
A few months have passed and in
the botanic gardens

838
00:45:03,209 --> 00:45:05,409
the otter pups are now six
months old.

839
00:45:05,929 --> 00:45:06,129
(dramatic music)

840
00:45:06,129 --> 00:45:07,489
(dramatic music)

841
00:45:08,009 --> 00:45:10,329
(water splashing)

842
00:45:14,009 --> 00:45:15,609
But only the strongest two made
it.

843
00:45:19,649 --> 00:45:21,609
Survival rates are low for the
species

844
00:45:22,529 --> 00:45:24,129
and with only around 90 of them
in Singapore,

845
00:45:24,129 --> 00:45:24,369
and with only around 90 of them
in Singapore,

846
00:45:25,449 --> 00:45:28,169
smooth-coated otters are still
critically endangered here.

847
00:45:28,649 --> 00:45:30,129
(dramatic music)

848
00:45:30,129 --> 00:45:31,089
(dramatic music)

849
00:45:33,569 --> 00:45:36,049
The two pups are now the
teenagers of the family,

850
00:45:38,489 --> 00:45:40,529
finally big enough to fend for
themselves.

851
00:45:41,049 --> 00:45:42,129
(dramatic music)

852
00:45:42,129 --> 00:45:43,289
(dramatic music)

853
00:45:50,769 --> 00:45:51,809
In the city pond,

854
00:45:52,689 --> 00:45:54,129
the ducklings are also almost
fully grown,

855
00:45:54,129 --> 00:45:54,849
the ducklings are also almost
fully grown,

856
00:45:57,809 --> 00:45:59,049
and like the otter pups,

857
00:46:00,169 --> 00:46:02,489
only two managed to survive the
first few vulnerable months

858
00:46:02,889 --> 00:46:03,329
of life.

859
00:46:07,089 --> 00:46:09,489
But now they have waterproof
feathers

860
00:46:10,449 --> 00:46:12,129
and wings that are nearly ready
to take flight

861
00:46:12,129 --> 00:46:12,329
and wings that are nearly ready
to take flight

862
00:46:15,049 --> 00:46:17,209
and explore their unique city
home.

863
00:46:17,729 --> 00:46:18,129
(dramatic music)

864
00:46:18,129 --> 00:46:20,089
(dramatic music)

865
00:46:23,329 --> 00:46:24,129
In the next four decades,

866
00:46:24,129 --> 00:46:24,329
In the next four decades,

867
00:46:24,929 --> 00:46:26,369
90% of Singapore's land

868
00:46:27,489 --> 00:46:29,609
will be part of an
interconnected water catchment
system,

869
00:46:33,689 --> 00:46:36,009
channeling fresh water into
rivers,

870
00:46:36,609 --> 00:46:37,809
lakes, and reservoirs.

871
00:46:38,329 --> 00:46:40,569
(dramatic music)

872
00:46:42,489 --> 00:46:46,129
A life-giving resource for us
and the wild.

873
00:46:49,009 --> 00:46:51,729
Freshwater ecosystems will
constantly evolve

874
00:46:53,929 --> 00:46:54,129
and many of our wild river
locals will continue to adapt

875
00:46:54,129 --> 00:46:57,969
and many of our wild river
locals will continue to adapt

876
00:46:58,889 --> 00:47:00,129
and thrive here in the wild
city.

877
00:47:00,129 --> 00:47:02,249
and thrive here in the wild
city.

878
00:47:02,769 --> 00:47:06,129
(dramatic music)

879
00:47:06,129 --> 00:47:12,129
(dramatic music)

880
00:47:12,129 --> 00:47:18,129
(dramatic music)

881
00:47:18,129 --> 00:47:24,129
(dramatic music)

882
00:47:24,129 --> 00:47:30,129
(dramatic music)

883
00:47:30,129 --> 00:47:36,129
(dramatic music)

884
00:47:36,129 --> 00:47:40,809
(dramatic music)